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71.
Comparison between single- and double-pulse LIBS at different air pressures on silicon target 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K. Amal S.H. Elnaby V. Palleschi A. Salvetti M.A. Harith 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2006,83(4):651-657
A comparative study between single- and double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was performed on an n-type silicon(111) target. A new mobile double-pulse instrument for LIBS analysis was used for the measurements. The experiment was carried out at different air pressures of 0.7, 470 and 1000 hPa. It has been found that, in the case of double-pulse LIBS, the emission intensities of atomic and ionic lines are strongly enhanced at higher pressures. Using Stark broadening of the atomic lines of silicon, it was found that the electron number densities for single and double pulses are approximately the same (Ne∼1017 cm-3). Plasma excitation and ionization temperatures were determined from a Boltzmann plot. The double-pulse laser-induced plasma was studied at different interpulse delay times of 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 25 and 50 μs. The results indicated that the interaction between the laser, plasma and target gives higher atomic and ionic intensities at shorter interpulse delay times. PACS 52.38.Mf; 79.20.Ds; 52.50.Jm 相似文献
72.
Siriwardana AI Kamada M Nakamura I Yamamoto Y 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2005,70(15):5932-5937
The inter- and intramolecular additions of cyclic amides (nitrogen pronucleophiles) to methylenecyclopropanes proceeded smoothly in the presence of catalytic amounts of Pd(PPh(3))(4), affording the corresponding hydroamination products in good to high yields with high regioselectivities. The ring opening of methylenecyclopropanes occurred at the distal position of the cyclopropane ring. 相似文献
73.
Gyeong Seon Jeong Amal Cherian Kathalikkattil Robin Babu Yongchul Greg Chung Dae Won Park 《催化学报》2018,39(1):63-70
由天然的/生物单元(氨基酸)构成的金属有机框架材料(MOFs)具有自然属性和丰富的酸/碱位和官能团,因而可用于CO2化学中.本文报道了氨基酸系含铜MOF(CuTrp,Trp = L-色氨酸)的催化效率.以甲醇为溶剂,在室温采用直接混合法合成了CuTrp催化剂,该方法具有很高的能量效率.采用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重分析、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、扫描电镜和BET分析等手段对该催化剂进行了表征.采用环氧化物与CO2环加成制备环状碳酸酯反应评价了CuTrp催化剂活性.结果表明,在无溶剂条件下,CuTrp 催化剂可与四丁基溴化铵助催化剂发生协同作用.通过条件实验确定了优化的反应条件,并基于该实验结果和前期的密度泛函理论计算结果提出了反应机理.另外,CuTrp 催化剂在水中也表现出令人满意的稳定性,可重复使用三次以上而活性无明显下降. 相似文献
74.
Cinchona alkaloids catalyze the enantioselective Mannich reaction of beta-keto esters with acyl aryl imines. The reaction requires 10 mol % of cinchonine or cinchonidine. The reaction products are obtained in good yields (81-99%), high enantioselectivities (80-96% ee), and in diastereoselectivities that range from 1:1 to >95:5. The cinchonine-catalyzed reaction provides access to highly functionalized building blocks used in the asymmetric synthesis of a dihydropyrimidone and beta-amino alcohol. 相似文献
75.
Ibrahim Moustafa Sh. Werida Amal H. Etaiw Safaa El-din H. 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2003,28(5):585-591
Various thiophene compounds have been shown to be encapsulated and partly oxidized within the channels of the three-dimensional (3D) host coordination polymers [(R3Sn)3Fe(CN)6]
n
(R = Me, n-Bu or Ph) to give guest–host encapsulated systems. The structure and physical properties of these systems were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, i.r., u.v.–vis., e.p.r. spectra and magnetic measurements. Thiophene compounds do not polymerize within the channels of the host, but rather give paramagnetic charge-transfer guest–host systems. 相似文献
76.
77.
The impact of constant effort harvesting on the dynamics of a discrete‐time contest competition model 下载免费PDF全文
In this paper, we study a general discrete‐time model representing the dynamics of a contest competition species with constant effort exploitation. In particular, we consider the difference equation x n +1=x n f (x n ?k )?h x n where h >0, k ∈{0,1}, and the density dependent function f satisfies certain conditions that are typical of a contest competition. The harvesting parameter h is considered as the main parameter, and its effect on the general dynamics of the model is investigated. In the absence of delay in the recruitment (k =0), we show the effect of h on the stability, the maximum sustainable yield, the persistence of solutions, and how the intraspecific competition change from contest to scramble competition. When the delay in recruitment is 1 (k =1), we show that a Neimark‐Sacker bifurcation occurs, and the obtained invariant curve is supercritical. Furthermore, we give a characterization of the persistent set. 相似文献
78.
Methylthiolation of structurally diverse aryl halides was accomplished under fluoride free conditions using catalytic amounts of CuI, and DMSO as the methylthiolation source. Optimization studies unveiled several varieties of promoters among which Zn(OAc)2 was found ideal. The analogous reaction with DMSO-d6 afforded corresponding deuterated aryl methyl thioether with 99% purity. Mechanistic studies revealed CuSMe as the active methylthiolation agent. 相似文献
79.
New functionalized isoxazolines were effeciently and easily prepared from limonene. The procedure involves a peri‐ and regioselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides on the monoterpene external double bond, followed by a highly chemoselective RuCl3‐NaIO4 oxidative cleavage of the internal one. All the newly prepared isoxazolyl‐ketoacids were fully characterized from their spectroscopic data. 相似文献
80.
This paper presents the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beam with material graduation in axially or transversally through the thickness based on the power law. The present model is more effective for replacing the non-uniform geometrical beam with axially or transversally uniform geometrical graded beam. The system of equations of motion is derived by using the principle of virtual work under the assumptions of the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The finite element method is employed to discretize the model and obtain a numerical approximation of the motion equation. The model has been verified with the previously published works and found a good agreement with them. Numerical results are presented in both tabular and graphical forms to figure out the effects of different material distribution, slenderness ratios, and boundary conditions on the dynamic characteristics of the beam. The above mention effects play very important role on the dynamic behavior of the beam. 相似文献